Today I’m talking to Dr. Benjamin Abelow, the author of the book „Ho the West Brought War to Ukraine“ which I have reviewed on this channel before.
Dr. Abelow graduated from the Yale...
Article
## Misdiagnosis and the Dominant Narrative
A central contention emerging from the conversation is that the West’s prevailing story about the war in Ukraine is not merely incomplete but fundamentally inverted. What many Western governments and mainstream media present as an unprovoked imperial assault — a Hitler-style quest for land and conquest — is, in this critique, a misdiagnosis. When the diagnosis is wrong, the responses follow naturally and disastrously: sanctions, arms transfers, and a rhetoric of moral certainty that hardens positions instead of opening space for de-escalation. That is the paradox at the heart of the exchange: the insistence on a morally clear, heroic framing of Ukraine’s struggle has become a causal factor in prolonging and intensifying the conflict rather than a neutral description of it.
This reframing is not a plea to excuse or approve violence. Rather, it is an argument about causation and policy efficacy. If the root of the crisis lies, at least in part, in a failure to recognize how Russian leaders perceived existential security threats emanating from Ukraine’s political trajectory, then treating the conflict as simple aggression leads policymakers to adopt responses that exacerbate rather than ameliorate those threats. The conversation insists that the narrative itself has agency: the story the West tells about the war shapes incentives, legitimizes escalation, and narrows diplomatic imagination.
## Diagnosis as Analytic Lens: Medicine and Misreading
The medical metaphor woven throughout the discussion is instructive because it captures both the humility and danger inherent in political analysis. A diagnosis is an interpretation of data; it can be wrong even when offered by competent practitioners. Thinking about the Ukraine crisis as a medical problem reframes the aim of policy from moral vindication to functional correction: identify the proximate causes, then tailor remedies to those causes. The utility of this approach lies in its clarity—once a diagnosis is agreed upon, the logical options for treatment become apparent and testable.
Yet the metaphor has limits. Unlike an isolated patient, international conflicts are interactive systems involving multiple actors with distinct agency and goals. The conversation acknowledges that what looks like a simple security dilemma—mutually reinforcing fears leading to escalation—could also be a case of deliberate provocation. Distinguishing between deliberate malign intent and misperception-driven escalation is crucial because the remedies differ: deterrence and containment might suit the first; confidence-building and negotiated security arrangements would address the second.
## Evidence and the Case for Russian Security Concerns
Several strands of evidence were highlighted that bolster the argument that Western actions helped produce the conditions for conflict. Historical steps toward weakening Ukrainian neutrality, the political and financial support for pro-Western movements, and the steady militarization of Ukraine after 2014 are presented not as neutral developments but as policy choices with predictable geopolitical consequences. The discussion points to public admissions, leaked reporting, and post-hoc accounts that show deep Western involvement in Ukraine’s political trajectory—elements that, cumulatively, made the Kremlin’s perception of encirclement less implausible.
The interlocutors stress a few concrete moments that, in their view, reveal missed opportunities for serious diplomacy. One particularly revealing claim is that, within 24 hours of the February 2022 invasion, Russian officials reportedly offered to restore the pre-war status quo in exchange for Ukrainian neutrality. If accurate and if pursued seriously at the time, such an offer suggests bargaining space that was never fully explored. The existence of such proposals complicates the simple story of unalloyed aggression; it indicates that at least some Kremlin moves were embedded in strategic bargaining over security arrangements, not pure territorial appetite.
## Provocation, Intent, and the Security Dilemma
The conversation returns repeatedly to the slipperiness of the word “provoked.” In American English it can connote malevolent intent or simply the consequence of negligence and miscalculation. The two interpretations matter enormously. If the West deliberately sought to draw Russia into a costly quagmire—an intentional strategy akin to schemes described in Cold War-era thinking—then the pathology is moral and strategic aggression. If, instead, the pattern is a classic security dilemma—actions taken from defensive intent that trigger enemy fears—then the pathology is epistemic: a failure to appreciate and manage reciprocal perceptions.
This dialectic has practical implications. Treating the conflict as the product of a security dilemma preserves the possibility that diplomatic remedies (neutrality guarantees, arms control, buffer arrangements) could be effective. Treating it as deliberate malicious provocation presumes negotiability is either futile or dangerous, and thus justifies punitive containment and military aid. The exchange therefore underscores that our framework for understanding motives and causality directly shapes policy choices and their moral framing.
## Western Agency, European Capitulation, and the Politics of Denial
One of the sharper arguments in the discussion concerns European behavior. The claim is that many European elites effectively capitulated to a U.S.-led interpretation of the crisis—accepting confrontational policies, rearmament, and sanctions—while cultivating a public posture of independence. That dynamic has two consequences. First, it allows political leaders to avoid taking responsibility for the choices that escalated the situation by casting themselves as responding to Russian aggression rather than as active participants in creating the strategic environment. Second, it makes reversing course politically costly: admitting error would require acknowledging complicity and reshuffling domestic consensus on security policy.
This political psychology—double-down to preserve agency—helps explain why alternative solutions, such as renewed neutrality or negotiated security guarantees, have been marginalized in public debate. Conceding that deterrence and moral framing might have been counterproductive would undercut a range of policies pursued since 2014. As the interlocutors suggest, this reluctance to admit missteps narrows political imagination and feeds a feedback loop in which escalation becomes the safer political stance.
## What Would “Treatment” Look Like?
If one accepts the diagnosis that misperception, provocation, and policy choices have all contributed to the conflict, what follows is a pragmatic menu of interventions aimed at de-escalation. The conversation proposes a return to the central pre-2014 element that might have prevented the spiral: Ukrainian neutrality backed by credible, enforceable security guarantees. That would require, at minimum, serious negotiations addressing Russian security concerns, limits on military deployments near borders, and multilateral verification mechanisms.
But the interlocutors are realistic about the obstacles. Domestic politics in Ukraine, the prestige costs for Russia of a negotiated compromise, and Western domestic politics that have invested heavily in a moral framing all make such a pathway politically fraught. Still, the argument is that without serious movement toward diplomatic solutions that take Russian fears into account, the conflict will continue to be managed as a contest of attrition—prolonged violence, economic damage, and elevated nuclear risk. Treating the problem as a medical one prioritizes immediate harm reduction: ceasefires, prisoner exchanges, humanitarian access, and the halting of arms flows that make battlefield victories more seductive than negotiated settlements.
## Implica
Transcript
The West's Ukraine Lies EXPOSED
Today I’m talking to Dr. Benjamin Abelow, the author of the book „Ho the West Brought War to
Ukraine“ which I have reviewed on this channel before. Dr. Abelow graduated from the Yale School
of Medicine, where he also served as Lecturer in Medicine. Links: Free PDFs in English, German, and
French: https://benjaminabelow.com/download/ Translation versions available at AMAZON (English
also available in all countries): United States: https://www.amazon.com/How-West-Brought-Ukraine-
Understanding/dp/0991076702 United Kingdom: https://www.amazon.co.uk/How-West-Brought-
Ukraine-Understanding/dp/0991076702 German: https://www.amazon.de/-/en/Benjamin-Abelow/dp
/0991076737
#M3
Europe really kind of completely capitulated to a rather insane U.S. view, and now, perhaps in an
effort to deny how much they capitulated—in a way to sort of assert their agency—some of these
European elites or leaders are now almost doubling down on the narrative in a way that the U.S. is
no longer. You mentioned before the view of François Hollande and Merkel with respect to the Minsk
agreements, and that they said they were really just going along. I am not convinced of that. My
own sense, somehow, is that they probably were really committed to it, but that they have now
reached the point where they don't have the courage to acknowledge that.
#M2
Hello, everybody. This is Pascal from Neutrality Studies, and today I'm talking to Dr. Benjamin
Abelow, the author of the book *How the West Brought War to Ukraine*, which I have reviewed on
this channel before. Actually, you can check that video out if you like. Dr. Abelow graduated from
the Yale School of Medicine, where he also served as a lecturer in medicine. Dr. Abelow, welcome to
the show. Thank you, Pascal.
#M3
It's good to be here.
#M2
It's great having you here because a couple of months ago we were in touch and I wanted to talk to
you about your book, but you said you weren't giving interviews at the time. So I reviewed your
book, which I thought was a good read. It gives a lot of information in a short span, let's say. You
condensed a lot of history into a very useful read. And now you're giving interviews—I'm very happy
about that. What changed your mind?
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#M3
Yeah, my pleasure. You know, I go through periods where I have other things going on and I'm
having trouble keeping up with all the news. I just don't want to get involved in an interview if I'm
not keeping up. Right now, I'm keeping up more or less, so yeah.
#M2
It's challenging to stay on top of everything that's happening because there's just so much, and a lot
of it is very dramatic. I totally empathize with that. But let's go into your book—what motivated you
to write it? You wrote it very early on, actually, in 2022. Can you give us the history of your book?
Yes.
#M3
I mean, there's a little bit of personal history attached to it as well. I studied European history as an
undergraduate, and then I worked in Washington, D.C. for a couple of years doing education and
lobbying work about nuclear arms policy. But then I decided to go to medical school. I started
studying medicine, and I really diverged completely from the world of geopolitics and arms control.
But with the start of the Ukraine war, I found myself kind of sucked in again. And I happened to
have enough time to really dig into things a little bit, so I just did. Really, one of the things that
motivated me is that I could see that the risk of nuclear war was real if escalation occurred and if
the U.S. or NATO got directly involved in a conflict with Russia.
So I really wanted to write a book that would, to my way of thinking, explain the key issues as
clearly as I could, and also to get it out in a form that was very readable and short. And to get it out
quickly was kind of a strong motivation. So the war started on February 24th, 2022. I first posted
the book in the form of a long essay on Medium and then very quickly converted it into a book and
also arranged for the German translation. And it's now out in, I think, eight different translations. It
was actually just translated into Bulgarian, and in some of the countries it's doing very well. Italy,
Germany—it's really selling quite well, apparently.
#M2
Yeah, congratulations on that. You know, it's quite important to have long-form essays or short
books—whichever you think it is—that lay out the basic problems with the mainstream narrative.
And I think that's what you're doing quite brilliantly, also giving the history with the Maidan and how
politically everything escalated into 2022. In your mind, what is the most crucial thing that is missing
from the mainstream narrative?
#M3
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The most crucial thing that is lacking in the mainstream narrative—I would say the crucial thing
that's been happening, and what I tried to bring out in my book—I titled the introduction of my book
"How the Narrative Drives the War." So I really view the crucial issue as just a fundamental
misunderstanding about the nature of the war. That is, the wrong narrative has been propagated,
and this is really the main cause. So it's not so much, in my mind, that there's something missing
from the mainstream narrative; it's that the narrative is completely backwards. You know, you
mentioned I have a medical degree. I mention that sometimes I think of the situation simply in
terms of this being a fundamental misdiagnosis of what the problem is.
And as a result, the treatment that's being prescribed is completely wrong. The war has been
understood from the beginning, within the mainstream of the U.S. and Europe—politically and within
the media—as a kind of World War II model, a Hitlerian model, a kind of land expansion model, as
opposed to a more defensively oriented one, where the Russians were perceiving themselves as
under threat and were trying to establish a buffer zone—the kind of argument that Mearsheimer and
others have made, and that you, of course, have made. So, simply a misdiagnosis. And I was trying
to present what I thought was the correct diagnosis in the book.
#M2
It's very good that you're pointing that out, that you are actually looking at this not just through the
lens of history, but also through that of medicine. Because there's this very strong tendency in
international relations and security thinking to liken everything to threat, right? And to the basic
premise of, "Oh, if I have a gun and you have a gun, what happens? How do we psychologically
react?" But we can also look at this as a medical problem, right? Of an organism that is not
functioning well. Now, doing that, in what sense, then, is the prescription that you would give? What
would be the prescription you would give when we do have a correct diagnosis?
#M3
Yeah, I just want to add one thing, too, which is, I think, in addition to what you said—this focus on
the violence, on the guns versus a medical treatment—I think most people can also very quickly
understand how easy it is for a medical diagnosis to go astray. Most people have had health issues;
they've encountered various doctors of different levels of quality. Some, you know, make foolish
mistakes; some make very smart but honest mistakes. And you realize, of course, that a wrong
diagnosis is quite possible.
So by focusing on this idea of diagnosis and treatment, it's also a way of emphasizing that this is not
some magical argument about what the causes of the war are, of course. We are talking about what
the causes of the war are, but it's also a way of emphasizing how simple it is for even an intelligent
person to go astray, just as an intelligent doctor can go completely astray and go down the wrong
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path. And I think because all of us have that direct experience with medicine, whether as doctors or
as patients who often observe failures of their providers, I thought that it's very useful to think of it
in that way.
My prescription basically is nothing more than getting the correct diagnosis, because once you have
the correct diagnosis, the treatment, quote unquote, follows very logically. So in this case, if we
recognize that the cause of the war was not innate Russian aggression or aggression by Putin, but
rather was an attempt—however dangerous and violent it was—to take a protective action and to
respond to perceived threats, then the treatment, or what one would do to deal with the problem,
would start with the correct diagnosis and then start taking into account the actual security needs of
Russia as perceived by Putin. So it just follows very naturally, I think.
#M2
Yeah. And, you know, in this sense, after three years, there are clearly these two camps that have
formed regarding how we understand the war. The mainstream Western camp understands it as, as
you said, a Hitlerian, Second World War-type war of aggression. That's also how it's being portrayed.
This is why Mr. Zelensky is likened to Winston Churchill and all of that kind of thing, which I think is
nonsense, and others think is nonsense. And then the other camp, where I put us, understands this
as a reaction by Russia to its perceived security needs, which the West never took seriously or
outright ignored.
And hence, we've never had a moment when they seriously sat down and said, "OK, let's solve your
perceived security threat that emanates from Ukraine and de-escalate, and make sure we have a
constructive security arrangement." Now, question though: I often call this analysis. We live in a
world of two different analyses and ways to understand the world. If we use the word "diagnosis," if
we attach "diagnosis" to it, in what way is a diagnosis different from an analysis?
#M3
Uh, it's probably not. Uh, I think I would just call a diagnosis a particular type of analysis. You're
taking in a set of data, both empirical data and logical argument or logical thought process, and
you're applying it to a specific situation. So if a physician is doing a diagnosis, he or she is basically
looking at what data is available from the physical exam or from testing and then doing an analysis
of that using logic, et cetera. And this is exactly what I think people are trying to do with respect to
the Ukraine war. They're looking at the evidence, some of which includes the history, includes the
available statements from Putin and from Western leaders, and then just trying to analyze it logically.
Yeah, I mean, one of the things I'll just add here, which I'm sure we'll get to anyway, is that I think,
number one, since the book was published, there's more and more evidence that the analysis or
interpretation that you and I have been propounding is the correct one. I mean, it really became
obvious—I didn't know about this at the time that I wrote the book—but literally within 24 hours of
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the start of the invasion, Putin's office was contacting Zelensky's office and basically offering to go
back to the status quo ante bellum, to the conditions before the war, in exchange for Ukrainian
neutrality. And this is actually posted on the website of Zelensky right now. I mean, it has been—at
least it was the last time I looked. So there's more and more evidence, I think, that the analysis that
you and I have been presenting from the beginning is the correct one.
But even at the time the book was out, it was obvious to me that the evidence, the data, was
supporting this view. So in my book—and I think it's chapter five—I line up comments by Fiona Hill,
who, of course, is quite a hawk. But if you look at the actual content of what she says, you find that
she actually seems to be making an argument that, in fact, it was NATO that was responsible or
largely responsible. So, in this chapter in the book, I align what she says with what Mearsheimer has
said. And I said, you know, they're using different words, but they're basically saying the same thing.
So I think the evidence was quite clear right from the beginning, and then has only become mor